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| Part Category | Key Functions |
|---|---|
| Steering axle | Mainly responsible for achieving the steering function of the vehicle. Core components include the front beam, steering knuckle, kingpin and hub. |
| Drive axle | Transfers engine power to drive the wheels. Core components include the main reducer, differential, half shafts and axle housing. |
| Support Bridge | Combines steering and driving functions. Common in front-wheel drive (FF) or all-wheel drive (4WD) passenger cars and off-road vehicles. |
| Air conditioning filter | Used to support the weight of the vehicle body. Usually installed on middle or rear axles of multi-axle trucks. |
| Other auxiliary filters | Includes steering assist oil filters, brake oil filters, and oil mist filters to ensure specific system performance. |
| Lubrication system | Includes oil pump, filter, pan, and sensors to provide lubricating oil to moving parts, reducing friction. |
| Electronic control system | Covers sensors (crankshaft, knock, throttle) and ECU for real-time engine monitoring and intelligent control. |





